How to rebuild using the debris from disasters
In Amsterdam, a mobile factory the size of two shipping containers ingests rubble at one end, liquifies it into cement, and spurts out LEGO-shaped building blocks. Call it 'rubble for the people', converting the deadly debris from disasters into homes and hospitals, cheaply and quickly.
It’s the brainchild of Gerard Steijn, a 71-year-old sustainable development consultant turned social entrepreneur, who leads the Netherlands-based project to recycle the rubble from natural disasters and wars.
He plans to create ecologically sound and safe housing by producing 750 building blocks a day from the debris, enough for one home at a cost of less than $20,000 each.
“In disasters, you have piles and piles of rubble, and the rubble is waste. If you are rich, you buy more bricks and rebuild your home,” Steijn said.
“But what happens if you are poor? In disasters it is the poorest people who live in the weakest houses and they loose their homes first. I thought, what if you recycled the rubble to build back better homes for poor people?”
Three brightly painted concept homes stand in an industrial park in Amsterdam. Hennes de Ridder, an engineering professor at the University of Delft who donates his time to the Mobile Factory, exudes a child’s excitement in describing their sparse structural elements.
Each 20 x 10 x 10 cm (8 x 4 x 4 inches), snaps together LEGO-style without cement or mortar allowing the home to flex under stress, he explains. Bamboo poles inserted into the walls provide extra stability, while two bamboo poles and a steel cable anchor the roof, he explains.
“It’s very simple,” de Ridder said. “We eat the rubble, make high-quality concrete blocks. Like LEGO, it is standardised in material and geometry.”
Unskilled people can build the homes with the blocks, which meet demanding Dutch construction standards to ensure they will last for many years. De Ridder expects further stress tests will show the homes can withstand tremors of at least 6 on the Richter scale.
Written by Stella Dawson Chief Correspondent, Thomson Reuters Foundation
This article was also published on the Future of Construction Knowledge Sharing Platform and the WEF Agenda Blog.
--Future of Construction 14:53, 16 Jun 2017 (BST)
[edit] Related articles on Designing Buildings Wiki
- Buildings that help rebuild lives and communities.
- Future proofing construction.
- Helping communities recover from disasters and protecting them before they occur.
- Hurricane design considerations.
- Managing and responding to disaster.
- QSAND.
- QSAND application in Nepal.
- Reconstruction following typhoon Haiyan.
- Research and development in disaster response.
- Resilience.
- The opportunity to build tomorrow’s cities.
- Two steps towards a more resilient world.
Featured articles and news
Resident engagement as the key to successful retrofits
Retrofit is about people, not just buildings, from early starts to beyond handover.
What they are, how they work and why they are popular in many countries.
Plastic, recycling and its symbol
Student competition winning, M.C.Esher inspired Möbius strip design symbolising continuity within a finite entity.
Do you take the lead in a circular construction economy?
Help us develop and expand this wiki as a resource for academia and industry alike.
Warm Homes Plan Workforce Taskforce
Risks of undermining UK’s energy transition due to lack of electrotechnical industry representation, says ECA.
Cost Optimal Domestic Electrification CODE
Modelling retrofits only on costs that directly impact the consumer: upfront cost of equipment, energy costs and maintenance costs.
The Warm Homes Plan details released
What's new and what is not, with industry reactions.
Could AI and VR cause an increase the value of heritage?
The Orange book: 2026 Amendment 4 to BS 7671:2018
ECA welcomes IET and BSI content sign off.
How neural technologies could transform the design future
Enhancing legacy parametric engines, offering novel ways to explore solutions and generate geometry.
Key AI related terms to be aware of
With explanations from the UK government and other bodies.
From QS to further education teacher
Applying real world skills with the next generation.
A guide on how children can use LEGO to mirror real engineering processes.
Data infrastructure for next-generation materials science
Research Data Express to automate data processing and create AI-ready datasets for materials research.
Wired for the Future with ECA; powering skills and progress
ECA South Wales Business Day 2025, a day to remember.
AI for the conservation professional
A level of sophistication previously reserved for science fiction.






















